Friday, May 15, 2020

Epistemology Is A Better Choice Over Traditional Epistemology

Epistemology can be split into two areas: one being traditional epistemology and the other being naturalized epistemology. The distinction between the two forms of epistemology is that traditional epistemologists accept what they think they know whereas natural epistemologists put what they think they know to empirical tests. The connotation of ‘empirical’ in this context refers to the methodologies of natural science; specifically, putting theories that we believe to know to scientific experimentation to find out if the theory is true. In this essay, I will establish the reasons why naturalized epistemology is a better choice over traditional epistemology. First, I will establish why traditional epistemology can be a potentially viable†¦show more content†¦A paradigm-shift is where a set of theoretical principles is replaced by another, for example: Special Relativity replaced Newtonian Mechanics. The problem with this is that theoretical paradigms have no common basis; hence, paradigm-shifts cannot work. Special Relativity and Newtonian Mechanics may seem to have the same theoretical meaning, but they do not because the terms of ‘mass’, ‘force’, and ‘duration’ all have a different meaning to different scientists. Science, in Kuhn’s opinion and from what is gathered on theoretical paradigms, does not provide concrete, epistemic, nor empirical assumptions. It does not work best empirically because matters dealing with science must happen with theoretical paradigms, where effectiveness is a problem. Epistemic thought executed in an empirical manner is better known as naturalized epis temology. Although, traditional epistemology, or sometimes referred to as normative epistemology, can help us further our understanding of philosophy. Jaegwon Kim expounds on this type of epistemology in his work, What is â€Å"Naturalized Epistemology†?, in which he states â€Å"that justification is a central concept of our epistemological tradition, that justification, as it is understood in this tradition, is a normative concept, and in consequence that epistemology itself is a normative inquiry whose principal aim is a systematic study of the conditions of justified belief† (Kim, 539). Epistemology can be

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Effects Of Autism Spectrum Disorder On Children

According to Australian Bureau of Statistic in 2012, about 46% of autistic children in teenage age told their parents they were victimised at school. Unemployment rates for individuals with ASD are around 65% in comparison to the whole population with only 6%. A 5 years old Indonesian boy, Adi Sutanto, was born with autism. Recently, at his age, he still cannot speak even a word, and he is acting like 2-year-old child. Adi has limited ability where people are only able to comprehend his thought-process through his movements and actions. More than that, due to his slow mental development, this has affected some physical problems to him, where he is not able to use his legs to walk like normal kids. Some of his relatives felt embarrassed to have him in the family. Devastatingly, he was even bullied by his kindergarden teachers, as he is different to others. In his case, how he could take part in social activities to cope with other children? Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is known as a complex developmental disability caused by brain abnormality. People with autism have issues with non-verbal communication, a wide range of social interactions ad activities that include and social activities. Moreover, autism is a life long developmental condition that affects, among other things, the way an individual relates to his or her environment and their interaction with other people. . Children with ASD engage in repetitive movements such as twirling and rocking, or inShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Autism Spectrum Disorder On Children1351 Words   |  6 PagesMany children have to live their entire lives under the shadow of a disorder that entirely alters the typical life of a person. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a common neurobehavioral disorder that is caused during prenatal development. This specific disorder affects 1 in 68 children in Canada and is increasing every single year. â€Å"More children will be diagnosed with autism this year than with AIDS, diabetes, and cancer combined† (KenCrest). Children who are affected often don’t get diagnosed untilRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Therapy On Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Essay2292 Words   |  10 PagesFrom 1997 to about 2007 the number of children with autism spectrum disorder has increase from 42,517 to about 258,305 and has risen since (Reschke-Hernà ¡ndez, 2011). With this rise of c hildren who have autism, the rise of music therapy has since appeared greatly. When music therapy was first documented, the music was used in both group and individual settings. It was used with those who lacked social skills, those who needed rehabilitation, for self-expression, for psychological improvement and alsoRead MoreThe Effects Of Perceptual Motor Training On Attention On Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder1198 Words   |  5 PagesIn the world 1 in 68 U.S. kids will be diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. The author Javad Afshari persuades the audience to see the effect of perceptual motor training on attention in children with autism spectrum disorders. Afshari would like to prove that perceptual motor training has a significant effect on children with autism specifically with attention issues. In the article it gave an introduction to autism and how children experience a change in attention from one stimulus to anotherRead MoreAutism Spectrum1147 Words   |à ‚  5 Pagespertaining to autism is very broad and includes more than just autism itself. A child with an autistic disorder is hard to identify because autism is not easily seen. Autism is more of a mental and social disorder; it doesn’t really have anything to do with a physical outlook. The autism disorder doesn’t only deal with autism; there are five other primary disorders involved with autism. When screening a child for autism, they will find out if any other disorders should be diagnosed. Screening children forRead MoreTherapies For Autistic Children.Individuals Take For Granted1678 Words   |  7 PagesTherapies for Autistic Children Individuals take for granted the luxury of embodying qualities such as communication, interaction, and social and motor skills. Although, individuals may determine the aforementioned skills are more difficult to obtain because of a disability. Autism or autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder that effects many children in the United States of America. Communication, interaction, and motor and social skills are usually effected in the autistic child. Read MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Autism ) Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pages1943 a child psychiatrist named Leo Kanner wrote about a group of children who were apathetic to their family members and made odd and repetitive movements. A year later, Hans Asperger observed similar behavior in another group of children, also noting a lack of understanding of social conventions (Lai, 2014). These two observations would be the beginning of a disorder known as the Autism Spectrum Disorder. This developmental disorder, characterized by a range of deficits in different areas, is increasinglyRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder And Autism Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagesand effects or the diseases. One of the most widely known abnormal disorders is Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism is a complicated disorder because it represents a wide range of developmental disorders categorized by criteria such as: impaired social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication breakdowns, and repetitive behaviors. Since Autism Spectrum Disorder is on a spectrum, as the name suggests, there are individuals with mild to little symptoms classified by Autism Spectrum Disorder andRead MoreWhat Do We Know About Autism Spectrum Disorder?1390 Words   |  6 PagesAbout Autism Spectrum Disorder? Actress Holly Robinson Peete once stated, â€Å"I m not a doctor or scientist. I m just a mom. But I do think there s a genetic predisposition, and there are environmental triggers. I feel like that combination, in my child s case, is what resulted in autism.† Holly Robinson could have not said it in a better way. What is the cause of autism? Is autism solely caused by genetics or a combination of genetics and environmental influences? What does make up autism spectrumRead MoreTreatment Options Used for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder1440 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known as a neurodevelopmental disorder that is capable of weakening communication, behavior and socialization. The term ASD includes three major subtypes which is Autism Spectrum Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder and Asperger’s Disorder. About 9.0 in 1000 children have ASD and certain types of autism might not be identified until three years of life. The probability of boys being diagnosed is higher compared to girls (Bravaccio et al. 2013)Read MoreTreating Autism Spectrum Disorders1025 Words   |  5 PagesAutism spectrum disorders are a class of developmental brain disorders with symptoms that range widely with each affected individual. Autism is a disorder that varies in severity of social interaction and communication that can benefit from the help of different types of treatment. Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome, autism, pervasive development disorder, and non pervasive developmental disorder are disorders on the autism spectrum with differing levels of intensity. Treatments for autism include The Effects Of Autism Spectrum Disorder On Children Many children have to live their entire lives under the shadow of a disorder that entirely alters the typical life of a person. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a common neurobehavioral disorder that is caused during prenatal development. This specific disorder affects 1 in 68 children in Canada and is increasing every single year. â€Å"More children will be diagnosed with autism this year than with AIDS, diabetes, and cancer combined† (KenCrest). Children who are affected often don’t get diagnosed until the late years of elementary school; Parents, caregivers, and teachers need to know how to recognise Autism so affected children can get the help they require as soon as possible. There are many environmental factors that can contribute to Autism during the prenatal development. Although many can be avoided, some factors are non-avoidable. Assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral neurosciences at McMaster University, Stelios Georgiades (n.d.) states that â€Å"Because autism runs in families, researchers saw autism as almost entirely genetic. The old thinking was that heritability accounted for up to 90 percent of all cases. A comprehensive study of twins with autism showed that environmental factors also play an important role in driving autism recurrence in families. By environment, researchers mean anything non-genetic. This study highlighted the reality that even though autism runs in families, we can’t assume that it’s entirely inherited†. During the prenatal development,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Autism Spectrum Disorder On Children918 Words   |  4 Pages According to Australian Bureau of Statistic in 2012, about 46% of autistic children in teenage age told their parents they were victimised at school. Unemployment rates for individuals with ASD are around 65% in comparison to the whole population with only 6%. A 5 years old Indonesian boy, Adi Sutanto, was born with autism. Recently, at his age, he still cannot speak even a word, and he is acting like 2-year-old child. Adi has limited ability where people are only able to comprehend his thought-processRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Therapy On Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Essay2292 Words   |  10 PagesFrom 1997 to about 2007 the number of children with autism spectrum disorder has increase from 42,517 to about 258,305 and has risen since (Reschke-Hernà ¡ndez, 2011). With this rise of children who have autism, the rise of music therapy has since appeared greatly. When music therapy was first documented, the music was used in both group and individual settings. It was used with those who lacked social skills, those who needed rehabilitation, for self-expression, for psychological improvement and alsoRead MoreThe Effects Of Perceptual Motor Training On Attention On Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder1198 Words   |  5 PagesI n the world 1 in 68 U.S. kids will be diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. The author Javad Afshari persuades the audience to see the effect of perceptual motor training on attention in children with autism spectrum disorders. Afshari would like to prove that perceptual motor training has a significant effect on children with autism specifically with attention issues. In the article it gave an introduction to autism and how children experience a change in attention from one stimulus to anotherRead MoreAutism Spectrum1147 Words   |  5 Pagespertaining to autism is very broad and includes more than just autism itself. A child with an autistic disorder is hard to identify because autism is not easily seen. Autism is more of a mental and social disorder; it doesn’t really have anything to do with a physical outlook. The autism disorder doesn’t only deal with autism; there are five other primary disorders involved with autism. When screening a child for autism, th ey will find out if any other disorders should be diagnosed. Screening children forRead MoreTherapies For Autistic Children.Individuals Take For Granted1678 Words   |  7 PagesTherapies for Autistic Children Individuals take for granted the luxury of embodying qualities such as communication, interaction, and social and motor skills. Although, individuals may determine the aforementioned skills are more difficult to obtain because of a disability. Autism or autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder that effects many children in the United States of America. Communication, interaction, and motor and social skills are usually effected in the autistic child. Read MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Autism ) Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pages1943 a child psychiatrist named Leo Kanner wrote about a group of children who were apathetic to their family members and made odd and repetitive movements. A year later, Hans Asperger observed similar behavior in another group of children, also noting a lack of understanding of social conventions (Lai, 2014). These two observations would be the beginning of a disorder known as the Autism Spectrum Disorder. This developmental disorder, characterized by a range of deficits in different areas, is increasinglyRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder And Autism Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagesand effects or the diseases. One of the most widely known abnormal disorders is Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism is a complicated disorder because it represents a wide range of developmental disorders categorized by criteria such as: impaired social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication breakdowns, and repetitive behaviors. Since Autism Spectrum Disorder is on a spectrum, as the name suggests, there are individuals with mild to little symptoms classified by Autism Spectrum Disorder andRead MoreWhat Do We Know About Autism Spectrum Disorder?1390 Words   |  6 PagesAbout Autism Spectrum Disorder? Actress Holly Robinson Peete once stated, â€Å"I m not a doctor or scientist. I m just a mom. But I do think there s a genetic predisposition, and there are environmental triggers. I feel like that combination, in my child s case, is what resulted in autism.† Holly Robinson could have not said it in a better way. What is the cause of autism? Is autism solely caused by genetics or a combination of genetics and environmental influences? What does make up autism spectrumRead MoreTreatment Options Used for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder1440 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known as a neurodevelopmental disorder that is capable of weakening communication, behavior and socialization. The term ASD includes three major subtypes which is Autism Spectrum Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder and Asperger’s Disorder. About 9.0 in 1000 children have ASD and certain types of autism might not be identified until three years of life. The probability of boys being diagnosed is higher compared to girls (Bravaccio et al. 2013)Read MoreTreating Autism Spectrum Disorders1025 Words   |  5 PagesAutism spectrum disorders are a class of developmental brain disorders with symptoms that range widely with each affected individual. Autism is a disorder that varies in severity of social interaction and communication that can benefit from the help of different types of treatment. Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome, autism, pervasive development disorder, and non pervasive developmental disorder are disorders on the autism spectrum with differing levels of intensity. Treatments for autism include

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

My 4 Year Journey in Sudan free essay sample

In the 7th grade I made a decision that stripped me of something valuable: a typical high school experience. Instead of spending 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th grade in the U.S., I traveled to Sudan. My grades from Junior year reflect my prolonged absence. However, I do not regret my decision to travel to Sudan, because I gained something invaluable: a first hand look into a culture and country like none I had ever experienced. It all began the moment I stepped off the plane into the warm dry air of Khartoum, Sudan. I stayed with my grandmother in a small neighborhood, where people knew each other well. The Sudanese teenagers I met were unaware that American movies did not depict normal American life. Sometimes, after a game of soccer, I would tell my new friends stories about America, or explain my previous daily routines. This allowed me to connect with the children, who began to realize that there were more similarities than differences between our lives. We will write a custom essay sample on My 4 Year Journey in Sudan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One thing that interests Sudanese kids about America is its music. Knowing English, to the Sudanese boys, meant knowing how to rap. Though I tried explaining that I couldnt rap, they continued to urge me. I ended up singing a couple of verses from â€Å"In Da Club,† by Fifty Cent, a song with which they were familiar. It ended with many cheers and laughter. My experiences were not all so enjoyable. One morning, while walking to school, I came across two boys sleeping beside the road. They were no more than eight years old, yet their malnourished bodies suggested an even younger age. The original colors of their disheveled clothes were no longer distinguishable, as though the clothes had been used to clean out a stove. Flies crawled along their parted lips; the sleeping boys could have been carcasses. Kneeling beside them I dropped my backpack to the dirt, and tried to shoo away the persistent flies. I cried. Things like this were ordinary in the streets of Sudan. I felt ashamed of my clean clothes and sunglasses, of the bed that awaited me in my room, and of the lunch I had in my backpack; these kids had nothing but each other for comfort. The next morning I revisited the spot where I first saw the sleeping boys, but they were gone. I once took life’s luxuries for granted, but after living in Sudan I learned to appreciate things I previously failed to notice. The good times I had with my friends created a bond between us that helped bridge cultural differences and my first hand experience with the orphans made me realize how oblivious I had been to the suffering of others. I wouldn’t trade this experience even if I had the chance to, because it has changed me into a mindful person. My experience in Sudan will be the most helpful asset I use to incorporate mindfulness and awareness in the experiences yet to come; the first of which is college.

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

Analysis of Where have all the parents gone Essays

Analysis of Where have all the parents gone Essays Analysis of Where have all the parents gone Paper Analysis of Where have all the parents gone Paper A A A A A A A A A In the film, Child of Divorce, a immature miss s parents got divorced ; this affected her physically and mentally. This is an illustration in the society today, as each kid sees their parents contending and controversy, which lead to disassociating, it will impact them as they grow older because a kid has to take between two parents to populate with. Presents, there is a higher per centum of divorce of a kid s parents and others merely stayed individual. What aspects should of a kid s life should be a Parent control? All facets should be control until a kid reaches an independent phase of doing the right determinations in his or her life. In add-on, what happened to the loving parents? All parents are excessively busy to hold clip for their kids or have a household dinner every dark. Furthermore, what are parents occupation descriptions? One would be being a function theoretical account to their childs so as they grow each child would be abl e to follow their parents footfalls to be successful. Another would be to developing them as grown, mature and independent individual. In the article, Where Have All the Parents Gone? by Barbara Dafoe Whitehead, she talked about the societal issue towards kids being our hereafter and she expressed her sentiments about parents should be responsible for raising their kids because most parents are excessively busy working to be involve in their ain kid s life, which will do them to do incorrect determinations. Besides, as the coevals grows, small by small the society changed because parents became viciously liquidators to their ain kids and kids rebelled. As a consequence, I agree with Whitehead s article because parents are responsible for their ain kids s actions for them to be independent, spending clip with their kids will construct up a relationship, and learning them their values will do them appreciate what parents do for them. First, kids should be independent by their parents steering them through their life. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] virtually every kid in America grows up in a household with one or more parents. Parents house kids. Parents feed kids. Parents clothe kids. Parents raising and protect kids. Parents instruct kids in everything from utilizing a fork to driving ( Whitehead 224 ) . This demonstrates that parents are steering their kids from being an immature kid to a mature grown up by doing experience them the love that parents give them. As the kids grows older, they will finally recognize what their parents taught them will be utile and helpful. They could be independent without trusting on their parents. Furthermore, it is of import that learning their kids from right and incorrect, assisting them with their determinations from right and incorrect will take to holding a trust within themselves, so that they could travel on with their ain lives with what they learned from their parents. Second, if the parents pass more clip with their childs, it will construct up a stronger household relationship. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] a 2nd income became indispensable. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] fighting to pay the measures, cubic decimeter parents seems to be short-changing their kids in another manner. They were nt passing adequate clip with their childs [ aˆÂ ¦ ] ( Whitehead 226 ) . This demonstrates that parents should be able to equilibrate their clip for work and household because even though they need to do salary to pay for their measures. There should non be a ground why they can non hold clip to pass clip with their kids. Each parents decided to hold kids for a ground, which is to construct a household on their ain and to be proud parents when their childs win on going a physician, nurse and so forth. In add-on, being a parent is non a easy occupation ; nevertheless they should believe it exhaustively holding childs because what is the usage of holding childs when a parent wholly he or she does is work and non hold clip to pass with their childs. For illustration, the parents should be able to learn their childs how to cook, how to bake, assist them with their prep and so forth. Therefore, in the hereafter, when their ain childs have kids, they will copy what their parents did to them to their kids, which is ever working and non hold clip for their kids. Third, parents should be learning their values to their kids, so their kids will appreciate what parents do for them. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] most of import, they were nt learning good values ( Whitehead 226 ) . This demonstrates that parents does non hold clip to even learn their kids their values, so how can their kids learn from them when they are suppose to be their function theoretical accounts. For illustration, each parent has different civilization or history background, they should learn their kids the values of their religion/culture and history of they originated from. In add-on, many immature adult females gets pregnant at a immature age, which shows that parents should watch over their kids more frequently and protect them for their ain safety plus educate them how instruction is of import to complete for their hereafter. Besides, it is of import to demo the significance of the parent s values because when the parents die, their kids will be able to transport this values and ba se on balls it to their future kids, so it will be pass through coevals by coevals. In decision, Parents should be able to demo their values to their kids so they would be more apprehended from their kids. There should non be alibis or grounds why parents do non hold clip for their kids. Even though, parents are fighting, they should be able to demo their kids how they can confront their jobs without perpetrating offense. Besides, parents should be able to show their love for their kids, so they can experience the love of their parents. Last, educating their kids will do them successful, learning them their values will do them appreciate their parents and have a hereafter. Work Cited Whitehead, Barbara Dafoe. Where Have All The Parents Gone? 75 Readings: An Anthology. 11th erectile dysfunction. Ed. Santi V. Buscemi, Charlotte Smith. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2010.222-229.Print.

Wednesday, March 11, 2020

The Krupp Family History essays

The Krupp Family History essays The famous Krupp family of Germany has a long and at times controversial history. The history of the family can be traced to the early 15th Century but the family is more historically well - known as the originators of the first major steel-works in Germany in 1811. (Biography: Krupp) This was to develop and in a relatively short period the company had become the largest in the world and a leading supplier of armaments. (Biography: Krupp) Since the late1800s Krupp was seen as a major manufacturer of weapons as well as being characterized by a ....deadly collaboration between the giant industrial complex and the military in Germany and elsewhere, so characteristic of modern warfare. (Biography: Krupp) It should be noted that the history of the family was not always related to armaments. Krupp was recognized in the late 1800s as a major supplier in the world of railroad equipment. Other industrial achievements include that fact that in1862 ...Krupp pioneered the Bessemer process on the Continent and introduced the open-hearth method of steel casting in 1869. (Biography: Krupp) The modern history of the Krupp familys stance towards unions and workers can be clearly seen in the period before and after the First World War. In the early 1900s workers in the Krupp Company were comparatively well treated in a paternalistic system that offered many benefits. This approach to the company occurred under the management of Alfred Krupp. Under his guidance the vertical "mixed company" approach was introduced which meant that other mining, power and transportation concerns were added to the company. During this period Alfred Krupp ....introduced several significant welfare services (health insurance, pension fund, housing), which later served as models for Bismarck's social legislation. (Biography: Krupp) Workers lived in company housing and were also ...mobilised in company unions...&q...

Monday, February 24, 2020

Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs - Assignment Example Maslow (1943) argues that when the needs of an individual are fulfilled, people seek to fulfill the next one. The most widespread version of Maslow hierarchy of needs which was also the earliest depicted five motivational needs which include physiological needs, safety, love, self-esteem and growth needs. One of the notable aspects that make it easier to criticize the issues of motivational theory other than to remedy them is due to lack of sound data that would enhance comparison. According to Maslow’s hierarchy, the so called physiological needs act as the starting point of motivation theory. With the increased research, the notion of physiological needs has undergone revision by including concept of homeostasis and noting that appetites indicates actual needs of the body. Despite the need to fulfill the needs to fulfill the next need as shown by Maslow, it is clear that physiological needs are major motivating factor than any other. Even though adults are the covered by the motivation theory, safety needs are more depicted by infants. Maslow (1943) argues that an average child prefers safe, orderly, predictable and organized world. Additionally, such a child does not expect dangerous and unmanageable things to happen to him or her. Another aspect covered by Maslow and which has impact on performance of individual is need. If safety and physiological needs are properly gratified, Maslow indicates that love and belonging needs will emerge and the whole cycle will repeat itself.

Saturday, February 8, 2020

Chapter13 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chapter13 - Essay Example Moreover, warnings against excessive use of such products are particularly explicit. Negotiations are fundamental for the peaceful coexistence of nations. This is because its main objective is to come up with a win-win situation out of a conflict. Deception, evasiveness, or collusion are simply out of bounds during negotiations. This is because there is no scale against which these vices are to be weighed to create a limit beyond which they become unacceptable. Further, these vices misguide negotiations to reach a premature deal that cannot stand. Legality of a tactic in negotiations has no bearing on whether it is ethical or not. This is because, though the aim of negotiation is striking a balance, it hardly comes to that as each party always aims at achieving what is best for them. These tactics, therefore, come in handy for them to fool the other into believing that their stand is the best for both of them. Contrary to common belief, it is not naive to be entirely honest during negotiations. This is because full disclosure of facts is the best point to start. A clear statement of the facts also creates an environment that allows parties to evaluate their options. Impartiality helps them come up with suitable solutions that fully take care of their interests. Deception often makes a party wary of some topics during the negotiations, and this renders the whole affair futile. Rules that govern negotiations are not unique as they are objective and aim to satisfy those pertinent to the negotiation in utmost good faith. Negotiations adhere to common law. Adjustments take place in accordance with morality and ethics; social justice. Impression management may not be the same as lying, but this does not make it any less of a concern. This is because fabrication of such lies quenches the situation pending discovery. When the discovery takes place, which happens eventually,